German Nazi official Joachim von Ribbentrop German diplomat Hans Frank German politician and jurist Joseph Goebbels German propagandist Adolf Eichmann German military official Josef Dietrich German military officer Alfred Rosenberg German Nazi leader Wilhelm Frick German politician Baldur von Schirach German Nazi politician Albert SpeerAdvertisement. Previously unknown letters written by Adolf Hitler's father, Alois Hitler, shed light on the family origins of the Nazi dictator, reveals a new book that was published on Monday. In ...The Holocaust Wasn't Fueled by Antisemitism, Hitler Hated Jews for Their Money: Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas. Speaking at a Fatah conference, Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas voice the antisemitic justification for Hitler and the Nazis 'They say that Hitler killed the Jews for being Jews, and that Europe hated the Jews because they were Jews.Jun 15, 2020 · By Sara Kettler Updated: Jun 15, 2020. Photo: Keystone/Getty Images. Before he became a fascist dictator, Adolf Hitler was a son who was extremely close to his mother, Klara Pözl Hitler. Their ... Adolf Hitler - Nazi Leader, WW2, Germany: Germany’s war strategy was assumed by Hitler from the first. When the successful campaign against Poland failed to produce the desired peace accord with Britain, he ordered the army to prepare for an immediate offensive in the west.Nazi Germany [h], officially known as the German Reich [i] until 1943, later the Greater German Reich [j], was the German state between 1933 and 1945, when Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party controlled the country, transforming it into a totalitarian dictatorship . Apr 3, 2014 · Adolf Hitler was the leader of Nazi Germany. His fascist agenda led to World War II and the deaths of at least 11 million people, including some six million Jews. Mar 4, 2023 · Published March 4, 2023. Updated March 14, 2023. There are only five living members of the Hitler family. If they have their way, the family bloodline will stop with them. Peter Raubal, Heiner Hochegger, and Alexander, Louis and Brian Stuart-Houston are all vastly different men. Peter was an engineer, Alexander was a social worker. Members of the Hitler Youth in Berlin performing the Nazi salute at a rally in 1933. The Nazi salute, also known as the Hitler salute (German: Hitlergruß, lit. 'Hitler greeting', IPA: [ˈhɪtlɐˌɡʁuːs] i; also called by the Nazi Party deutscher Gruß, 'German greeting', IPA: [ˈdɔʏtʃɐ ˈɡʁuːs] i), or the Sieg Heil salute, is a gesture that was used as a greeting in Nazi Germany.Adolf the artificial Hitler would go on to make a name for himself as Nazi Germany's genocidal leader and implement a system of selective child-rearing based on racial "purity." He basically envisioned women as pious brood mares who would populate the world with blue-eyed, blond-haired Aryans. Ironically, if Hitler knew the roots of his own ...May 1, 2020 · Tanggal 1 Mei 1945 kematian Adolf Hitler diumumkan di Jerman, tetapi tanggal itu dipercaya bukan hari kematiannya. Lalu kapan ia meninggal dan apa yang terjadi dengan jenazahnya? Adolf Hitler ( tyskt uttal: [ˈadɔlf ˈhɪtlɐ] ( lyssna) ), född 20 april 1889 i Braunau am Inn, Österrike-Ungern (i nuvarande Österrike ), död 30 april 1945 i Berlin, Tyskland ( självmord ), var en österrikisk-tysk politiker och ordförande i Nationalsocialistiska tyska arbetarepartiet ( tyska: Nationalsozialistische Deutsche ...Advertisement. Previously unknown letters written by Adolf Hitler's father, Alois Hitler, shed light on the family origins of the Nazi dictator, reveals a new book that was published on Monday. In ...The military career of Adolf Hitler, who was the dictator of Germany from 1933 until 1945, can be divided into two distinct portions of his life. Mainly, the period during World War I when Hitler served as a Gefreiter (lance corporal) in the Bavarian Army, and the era of World War II when he served as the Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Wehrmacht (German Armed Forces) through his position as ...Profil Adolf Hitler, Diktator Jerman Penyulut Perang Dunia II. Kristina - detikEdu. Jumat, 25 Feb 2022 12:30 WIB. Adolf Hitler. Foto: thinkstock. Jakarta -. Hampir 77 tahun peristiwa kematian sang diktator Jerman yang menggemparkan dunia, Adolf Hitler. Dia ditemukan tidak bernyawa sebelum pasukan Uni Soviet menyerangnya dalam Perang Dunia II 1945.Adolf Hitler was the undisputed leader of the National Socialist German Workers Party—known as Nazis—since 1921. In 1923, he was arrested and imprisoned for trying to overthrow the German government. His trial brought him fame and followers. He used the subsequent jail time to dictate his political ideas in a book, Mein Kampf —My Struggle. Hitler's prophecy speech of 30 January 1939. From his first speech in 1919 in Munich until the last speech in February 1945, Adolf Hitler, dictator of Germany from 1933 to 1945, gave a total of 1525 speeches. In 1932, for the campaign of two federal elections that year he gave the most number of speeches, that is 241. Death of Adolf Hitler. Adolf Hitler, chancellor and dictator of Germany from 1933 to 1945, committed suicide via gunshot on 30 April 1945 in the Führerbunker in Berlin [a] after it became clear that Germany would lose the Battle of Berlin, which led to the end of World War II in Europe. Eva Braun, his wife of one day, also committed suicide ...Adolf Hitler and Eva Braun with their dogs at the Berghof. The sexuality of Adolf Hitler (20 April 1889 – 30 April 1945), dictator of Germany from 1933 to 1945, has long been a matter of historical and scholarly debate, as well as speculation and rumour. There is evidence that he had relationships with a number of women during his lifetime ... Hitler, the Nazi Party leadership, and the SA rejected political participation in Weimar elections. They formed an uneasy alliance with leaders of the conservative quasi-dictatorial Bavarian government under Gustav Ritter von Kahr, the Commander of the 7 th Reichswehr Division stationed in Munich, General Otto Hermann von Lossow, and Bavarian ...Published March 4, 2023. Updated March 14, 2023. There are only five living members of the Hitler family. If they have their way, the family bloodline will stop with them. Peter Raubal, Heiner Hochegger, and Alexander, Louis and Brian Stuart-Houston are all vastly different men. Peter was an engineer, Alexander was a social worker.Listen to article. As Soviet troops entered the heart of Berlin, Hitler committed suicide on April 30, 1945, in his underground bunker. Although there is some speculation about the manner of his death, it is widely believed that he shot himself. Eva Braun, whom he had recently married, also took her own life. Hitler had an overriding ambition for territorial expansion, which was largely driven by his desire to reunify the German peoples and his pursuit of Lebensraum, “living space” that would enable Germans to become economically self-sufficient and militarily secure. Such goals were greeted with support by many within Germany who resented the ...Adolf Hitler. Discharged from the hospital amid the social chaos that followed Germany ’s defeat, Hitler took up political work in Munich in May–June 1919. As an army political agent, he joined the small German Workers’ Party in Munich (September 1919). In 1920 he was put in charge of the party’s propaganda and left the army to devote ...Hitler's prophecy speech of 30 January 1939. From his first speech in 1919 in Munich until the last speech in February 1945, Adolf Hitler, dictator of Germany from 1933 to 1945, gave a total of 1525 speeches. In 1932, for the campaign of two federal elections that year he gave the most number of speeches, that is 241.Throughout the spring and early summer of 1933, the Nazis used the new laws to frighten and intimidate Germans. By May, they forced all trade labor unions to dissolve. Instead, workers could only belong to a Nazi-approved union called the German Labor Front. Then, in June, Hitler outlawed the Social Democratic Party.Members of the Hitler Youth in Berlin performing the Nazi salute at a rally in 1933. The Nazi salute, also known as the Hitler salute (German: Hitlergruß, lit. 'Hitler greeting', IPA: [ˈhɪtlɐˌɡʁuːs] i; also called by the Nazi Party deutscher Gruß, 'German greeting', IPA: [ˈdɔʏtʃɐ ˈɡʁuːs] i), or the Sieg Heil salute, is a gesture that was used as a greeting in Nazi Germany. Apr 3, 2014 · Adolf Hitler was the leader of Nazi Germany. His fascist agenda led to World War II and the deaths of at least 11 million people, including some six million Jews. May 1, 2020 · Tanggal 1 Mei 1945 kematian Adolf Hitler diumumkan di Jerman, tetapi tanggal itu dipercaya bukan hari kematiannya. Lalu kapan ia meninggal dan apa yang terjadi dengan jenazahnya? Nazi Germany [h], officially known as the German Reich [i] until 1943, later the Greater German Reich [j], was the German state between 1933 and 1945, when Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party controlled the country, transforming it into a totalitarian dictatorship . William Patrick Stuart-Houston (born William Patrick Hitler; 12 March 1911 – 14 July 1987) was an English-born half-nephew of Adolf Hitler. Born and raised in the Toxteth area of Liverpool to Adolf's half-brother Alois Hitler Jr. and his Irish wife Bridget Dowling, he later relocated to Germany to work for his half-uncle before emigrating to ...Russians deny DNA test concluding that Hitler's skull is not actually Hitler's. Dec. 9, 2009 -- The controversy surrounding Adolf Hitler's skull fragments is a little embarrassing for the Russian ...Nov 12, 2012 · Viewpoint: His dark charisma. 12 November 2012. Adolf Hitler was an unlikely leader but he still formed a connection with millions of German people, generating a level of charismatic attraction ... Death of Adolf Hitler. Adolf Hitler, chancellor and dictator of Germany from 1933 to 1945, committed suicide via gunshot on 30 April 1945 in the Führerbunker in Berlin [a] after it became clear that Germany would lose the Battle of Berlin, which led to the end of World War II in Europe. Eva Braun, his wife of one day, also committed suicide ...Published March 4, 2023. Updated March 14, 2023. There are only five living members of the Hitler family. If they have their way, the family bloodline will stop with them. Peter Raubal, Heiner Hochegger, and Alexander, Louis and Brian Stuart-Houston are all vastly different men. Peter was an engineer, Alexander was a social worker.Adolf Hitler was the undisputed leader of the National Socialist German Workers Party—known as Nazis—since 1921. In 1923, he was arrested and imprisoned for trying to overthrow the German government. His trial brought him fame and followers. He used the subsequent jail time to dictate his political ideas in a book, Mein Kampf —My Struggle.Hitler, Weikart argues in “Hitler’s Religion: The Twisted Beliefs that Drove the Third Reich” (Regnery History, 2016), was neither an atheist nor a Christian. His hatred of the Jews bears little or no resemblance to historical Christian anti-Semitism. Rather, it was based on certain strains of contemporary “science.”.Oct 27, 2022 · The revelation of West’s alleged history of admiring Hitler comes amid a wave of inflammatory actions by West that began earlier this month. He wore a “White Lives Matter” shirt during his ... The military career of Adolf Hitler, who was the dictator of Germany from 1933 until 1945, can be divided into two distinct portions of his life. Mainly, the period during World War I when Hitler served as a Gefreiter (lance corporal) in the Bavarian Army, and the era of World War II when he served as the Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Wehrmacht (German Armed Forces) through his position as ... Dec 10, 2020 · The Hitler Youth and the League of German Girls were developed as Nazi Party youth groups to introduce children and juveniles to Nazi ideology and policy. These youth groups also prepared Germany’s young people for war. Over the course of the 1930s, the Nazi state abolished all other youth groups in Germany. In 1939, more than 82% of eligible ... William Patrick Stuart-Houston (born William Patrick Hitler; 12 March 1911 – 14 July 1987) was an English-born half-nephew of Adolf Hitler. Born and raised in the Toxteth area of Liverpool to Adolf's half-brother Alois Hitler Jr. and his Irish wife Bridget Dowling, he later relocated to Germany to work for his half-uncle before emigrating to ...German Nazi official Joachim von Ribbentrop German diplomat Hans Frank German politician and jurist Joseph Goebbels German propagandist Adolf Eichmann German military official Josef Dietrich German military officer Alfred Rosenberg German Nazi leader Wilhelm Frick German politician Baldur von Schirach German Nazi politician Albert SpeerHitler’s book brimmed with distorted history about Germany’s lost greatness, global conspiracies that undercut Germany’s power, and justifications for conquest of another group of people.Browse Getty Images' premium collection of high-quality, authentic Adolf Hitler stock videos and stock footage. Royalty-free 4K, HD, and analog stock Adolf Hitler videos are available for license in film, television, advertising, and corporate settings.Jun 20, 2021 · Adolf Hitler and his rise to power was a chain of events that intrigues us yet terrifies us; it makes us question how one man could acquire the power and influence to lead a mass genocide. “Power is the capacity to cause change, influence is the degree of the actual change in a target person’s attitudes, values, beliefs, or behaviors ... Adolf Hitler. Discharged from the hospital amid the social chaos that followed Germany ’s defeat, Hitler took up political work in Munich in May–June 1919. As an army political agent, he joined the small German Workers’ Party in Munich (September 1919). In 1920 he was put in charge of the party’s propaganda and left the army to devote ...Apr 26, 2005 · Hitler's Third Reich. July 1934. After the death of President Hindenburg, Hitler becomes “Fuehrer and Reich Chancellor” and abolishes the title of President. 1935. Hitler re-arms Germany with the aim of undoing the Treaty of Versailles and uniting all the German peoples. Military conscription is introduced. Germany was weak and in decline due to the 'Jewish influence'. According to Hitler, the Jews were after world dominance. And they would not hesitate to use all possible means, including capitalism. In this way, Hitler took advantage of the existing prejudice that linked the Jews to monetary power and financial gain. However, it has been firmly discounted by historians. 2. In 1990, however, there came a surprising revelation: Hitler had been treated by a psychologist at Landsberg Prison in 1924, with a positive response to treatment. 3 Alois Maria Ott, the prison “teacher,” was responsible for the rehabilitation.It is known to have been stolen at least once — from Adolf Hitler, a known beneficiary of Nazi looting. But after years of research, scholars have drawn a blank on the identity of the prewar owner.Members of the Hitler Youth in Berlin performing the Nazi salute at a rally in 1933. The Nazi salute, also known as the Hitler salute (German: Hitlergruß, lit. 'Hitler greeting', IPA: [ˈhɪtlɐˌɡʁuːs] i; also called by the Nazi Party deutscher Gruß, 'German greeting', IPA: [ˈdɔʏtʃɐ ˈɡʁuːs] i), or the Sieg Heil salute, is a gesture that was used as a greeting in Nazi Germany.Step by step, Hitler managed to erode democracy until it was just a hollow facade. Things did not end there, though. During the twelve years that the Third Reich existed, Hitler continued to strengthen his hold on the country. Election poster from November 1933. The text reads: "One people, one Führer, one 'yes'".Following the end of World War II, however, rumors spread that a secret child of Hitler did exist. Even the Führer’s valet, a man named Heinz Linge, stated that he once heard Hitler speculating that he had fathered a child. Deutsches Bundesarchiv A 1942 photo shows Eva Braun and Adolf Hitler with their dog, Blondi.Nazi Germany [h], officially known as the German Reich [i] until 1943, later the Greater German Reich [j], was the German state between 1933 and 1945, when Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party controlled the country, transforming it into a totalitarian dictatorship .Adolf Hitler was the leader of Nazi Germany. His fascist agenda led to World War II and the deaths of at least 11 million people, including some six million Jews.Hitler appeared on the cover of TIME on multiple occasions — most famously perhaps on Jan. 2, 1939, when he was named Man of the Year. That choice abided by the dictum of TIME founder Henry Luce ...On April 1, 1924, 34-year-old Adolf Hitler — a socially awkward painter and former soldier from Austria — arrived at Landsberg prison in Bavaria to serve a five-year sentence for organizing a ...Dec 10, 2020 · The Hitler Youth and the League of German Girls were developed as Nazi Party youth groups to introduce children and juveniles to Nazi ideology and policy. These youth groups also prepared Germany’s young people for war. Over the course of the 1930s, the Nazi state abolished all other youth groups in Germany. In 1939, more than 82% of eligible ... Adolf Hitler chose to “fight” Jews because of “their social role” and not due to their Judaism, Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas said at a conference in late August.On April 1, 1924, 34-year-old Adolf Hitler — a socially awkward painter and former soldier from Austria — arrived at Landsberg prison in Bavaria to serve a five-year sentence for organizing a ...Adolf Hitler and Eva Braun with their dogs at the Berghof. The sexuality of Adolf Hitler (20 April 1889 – 30 April 1945), dictator of Germany from 1933 to 1945, has long been a matter of historical and scholarly debate, as well as speculation and rumour. There is evidence that he had relationships with a number of women during his lifetime ... Hitler appeared on the cover of TIME on multiple occasions — most famously perhaps on Jan. 2, 1939, when he was named Man of the Year. That choice abided by the dictum of TIME founder Henry Luce ...1 day ago · Sept. 6, 2023 6:37 pm ET. Listen. (2 min) Journal Editorial Report: The week's best and worst from Bill McGurn, Kate Bachelder Odell, and Kyle Peterson. Images: AP/Zuma Press Composite: Mark Kelly ... Adolf Hitler [2] (20 April 1889 – 30 April 1945) was an Austrian -born German politician and the leader of the Nazi Party from 1933 until his death in 1945. He and his Nazi government are known for causing World War II and the Holocaust, which killed millions. Hitler became the leader of the Nazi Party in 1921.Dec 20, 2014 · Adolf Hitler and his Nazi party perpetrated one of history's most evil deeds by instigating World War II and the Holocaust, which led to tens of millions of lives lost or irreparably damaged. Following the end of World War II, however, rumors spread that a secret child of Hitler did exist. Even the Führer’s valet, a man named Heinz Linge, stated that he once heard Hitler speculating that he had fathered a child. Deutsches Bundesarchiv A 1942 photo shows Eva Braun and Adolf Hitler with their dog, Blondi.12 hours ago · Adolf Hitler chose to “fight” Jews because of “their social role” and not due to their Judaism, Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas said at a conference in late August. Hitler's Third Reich. July 1934. After the death of President Hindenburg, Hitler becomes “Fuehrer and Reich Chancellor” and abolishes the title of President. 1935. Hitler re-arms Germany with the aim of undoing the Treaty of Versailles and uniting all the German peoples. Military conscription is introduced.April 23, 2018. Hitler, circa 1923. Five years later, he noted, approvingly, that white Americans had “gunned down . . . millions of redskins.”. Photograph from Hulton-Deutsch Collection ...It is known to have been stolen at least once — from Adolf Hitler, a known beneficiary of Nazi looting. But after years of research, scholars have drawn a blank on the identity of the prewar owner.The Hitler Youth and the League of German Girls were developed as Nazi Party youth groups to introduce children and juveniles to Nazi ideology and policy. These youth groups also prepared Germany’s young people for war. Over the course of the 1930s, the Nazi state abolished all other youth groups in Germany. In 1939, more than 82% of eligible ...A new biography of Adolf Hitler by Volker Ullrich shows how easily a democracy can be destroyed, and portrays the Führer behind the atrocities of World War II and the Holocaust as a master of ...Sep 4, 2021 · On April 1, 1924, 34-year-old Adolf Hitler — a socially awkward painter and former soldier from Austria — arrived at Landsberg prison in Bavaria to serve a five-year sentence for organizing a ... Nazism - Totalitarianism, Expansionism, Fascism: Working from these principles, Hitler carried his party from its inauspicious beginnings in a beer cellar in Munich to a dominant position in world politics 20 years later. The Nazi Party originated in 1919 and was led by Hitler from 1920. Through both successful electioneering and intimidation, the party came to power in Germany in 1933 and ...Nov 21, 2018 · A new biography of Adolf Hitler by Volker Ullrich shows how easily a democracy can be destroyed, and portrays the Führer behind the atrocities of World War II and the Holocaust as a master of ... May 31, 2022 · Even when the Nazi SS rounded up more than 1,000 Jews in Rome itself, on October 16, 1943, the pope refused to make his voice heard. Held for two days in a complex near the walls of the Vatican ... Adolf Hitler was born on the 20 April 1889 in a small town called Braunau-am-Inn in Austria. In 1913, Hitler moved to Munich, and after the First World War broke out in 1914 he enlisted to join the German Army. Hitler was placed in the 16 Bavarian Reserve Infantry Regiment and served as a runner, taking messages to and from the front line. That, according to the forensic team, made ID’ing his jawbone relatively simple. The teeth appear to match X-rays taken of Hitler in 1944 and descriptions provided to the Soviets by Hitler’s ...Informationen kan være hentet fra Wikidata. [ redigér på Wikidata ] Adolf Hitler (født 20. april 1889 i Braunau am Inn, Østrig-Ungarn, død 30. april 1945 i Berlin, Tyskland) var en tysk politiker, senere diktator og en af 2. verdenskrigs mest centrale personer. Han var østriger af fødsel, men flyttede til Tyskland i 1913 og blev tysk ...
1 day ago · Sept. 6, 2023 6:37 pm ET. Listen. (2 min) Journal Editorial Report: The week's best and worst from Bill McGurn, Kate Bachelder Odell, and Kyle Peterson. Images: AP/Zuma Press Composite: Mark Kelly ... . Slope game.github.io monkey mart
Kanye West praised Adolf Hitler and Nazis, denied the Holocaust, and attacked Jewish people at length during a disturbing Thursday afternoon interview with conspiracy theorist Alex Jones ...Adolf Hitler and Eva Braun with their dogs at the Berghof. The sexuality of Adolf Hitler (20 April 1889 – 30 April 1945), dictator of Germany from 1933 to 1945, has long been a matter of historical and scholarly debate, as well as speculation and rumour. There is evidence that he had relationships with a number of women during his lifetime ... Adolph Hitler (1889-1945) was leader of the National Socialist (Nazi) Party and Chancellor of Germany from 1933-1945; he led that country into World War II in 1939. The documents in this file range from 1933 to 1947, but primarily fall either in 1933 or between 1945 and 1947. In 1933, the FBI investigated an assassination threat made against Hitler. In the aftermath of Germany’s surrender in ...The New York Times cites a documentary titled Hitler's Money, focused on the oft overshadowed sources of his wealth. Though banned today, Hitler's autobiography, Mein Kampf, was a bestseller, earning him a rough estimate of $50 million in book sales. Hitler made it mandatory newly married couples be given a copy of the book by their local ...Apr 26, 2022 · Throughout the spring and early summer of 1933, the Nazis used the new laws to frighten and intimidate Germans. By May, they forced all trade labor unions to dissolve. Instead, workers could only belong to a Nazi-approved union called the German Labor Front. Then, in June, Hitler outlawed the Social Democratic Party. Particularly persuasive evidence, according to Weschler, is DNA testing done in 2009 on Hitler’s skull fragments that were recovered from the bunker. “They showed that they couldn’t have ...The religious beliefs of Adolf Hitler, dictator of Nazi Germany from 1933 to 1945, have been a matter of debate. His opinions regarding religious matters changed considerably over time. During the beginning of his political life, Hitler publicly expressed favorable opinions towards Christianity. Adolf Hitler was the undisputed leader of the National Socialist German Workers Party—known as Nazis—since 1921. In 1923, he was arrested and imprisoned for trying to overthrow the German government. His trial brought him fame and followers. He used the subsequent jail time to dictate his political ideas in a book, Mein Kampf —My Struggle.Jun 25, 2020 · However, it has been firmly discounted by historians. 2. In 1990, however, there came a surprising revelation: Hitler had been treated by a psychologist at Landsberg Prison in 1924, with a positive response to treatment. 3 Alois Maria Ott, the prison “teacher,” was responsible for the rehabilitation. Following the end of World War II, however, rumors spread that a secret child of Hitler did exist. Even the Führer’s valet, a man named Heinz Linge, stated that he once heard Hitler speculating that he had fathered a child. Deutsches Bundesarchiv A 1942 photo shows Eva Braun and Adolf Hitler with their dog, Blondi.Jun 20, 2021 · Adolf Hitler and his rise to power was a chain of events that intrigues us yet terrifies us; it makes us question how one man could acquire the power and influence to lead a mass genocide. “Power is the capacity to cause change, influence is the degree of the actual change in a target person’s attitudes, values, beliefs, or behaviors ... Hitler had an overriding ambition for territorial expansion, which was largely driven by his desire to reunify the German peoples and his pursuit of Lebensraum, “living space” that would enable Germans to become economically self-sufficient and militarily secure. Such goals were greeted with support by many within Germany who resented the ...Adolf Hitler: Mein Kampf. Mein Kampf, (German: “My Struggle”) political manifesto written by Adolf Hitler. It was his only complete book, and the work became the bible of National Socialism (Nazism) in Germany’s Third Reich. It was published in two volumes in 1925 and 1927, and an abridged edition appeared in 1930. .